Oil-burner.



No 872,398. 7 PATENTED DEC. 3, 1907. J. G. ZIEGLBR.

OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 10, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

(/0/(16 G. Ziegler PATENTED DEC. 3, 1907. I

J. G. ZIBGLER.

OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED SBPT.10,1906.

Z SHEETS-SHEET 2.

- rn s NORRIS PZTERs co.. WASHINGYON, n, t.

JOHN C. ZIEGLER, OF WIGHITA FALLS, TEXAS.

OIL-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 3, 1907.

Application filed September 10. 1906- Serial No. 334.049. 1

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN O. ZIEGLER, citizen of the United States, residing at l/Vichita Falls, in the county of l/Vichita and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention contemplates improvements in oil burners, using either crude or refined petroleum as fuel, the burner being especially designed to convert the fuel into gas by its own heat and providing means for the proper introduction of air into the stove in which the burner is used, and in such manner as to bring the oxygen of the air in intimate contact with the fuel gas, producing perfect combustion. By perfect combustion I mean the rapid combination of the oxygen of the air with the carbon of the fuel. There are two steps for perfect combustion: First, the carbon of the fuel unites with the oxygen of the air to form carbon monoxid (CO); second, the carbon monoxid again unites with the air to form carbon dioxid (G0,) which is the product of perfect combustion.

In its generic nature my invention consists of an improved type of oil burning devices adapted for use in the ordinary form of heating and cooking stoves and furnaces without materially changing their general arrangement, and may also be used as an attachment to almost any form of heating stoves, furnaces and cook stoves.

In its more subordinate features my invention consists in certain details of construction and combination of parts, all of which will be hereinafter fully described, pointed out in the appended claims and illustrated in the accompanying .drawings in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of a crude oil burning stove constructed in accordance with my invention, portions being broken away to clearly illustrate the general arrangement of the internal parts. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same taken approximately on the line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view illustrating on an enlarged scale the generator tube, or stand pipe, with the cone and drip cup attached, the oil passage to the generator and the needle valve, controlling the flow of oil. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the firepot detached from the base and the body' of the stove, illustrating the peculiar construction of the bottom, serving as a collecting pan, and the air inlet to the combustion chamber. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the deflector adapted to be located some distance above the orifice in the generator tube. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a modified oblong form of firepot as used in cooking stoves, and Fig. 8 is a plan view of a modified oblong form of deflector as used in combination with the firepot illustrated in Fig. 7.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the followin description and indicated in all the views of the drawings by the same reference characters.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated the generator tube, the firepot or combustion chamber and the deflector as adapted for and combined with this type of heater, but it must be understood that said parts of my invention may be modified and changed so as to adapt them to other types of stoves and furnaces without departing from the spirit of my invention.

The base -1 is preferably of castiron suitably mounted on legs 2. The base is provided with a door 3 having openings 4 for the passage of air. An inverted ta ering firepot 5 is mounted on the base, said 'irepot having a convex bottom 6 with an opening 6 at its center large enough to permit the passage of a proper amount of air and the edge of this opening may be turned up as at 7 to form a collar, as shown. The upper edge of the firepot may be provided with an ornamental ring 8 and an annular seat to receive the sheet iron body 9 upon which is mounted the top 10 provided with a pipe collar 11 to connect with a flue in the usual manner.

The generator tube 12 or stand pipe, preferably made of brass, is located in the center of the base and fire-pot and is secured to the base plate 13 by means of two jam nuts, to rigidly hold it centrally in the aperture of the convex fire-pot bottom, beyond whose upper edge it projects a short distance. The upper end of this generator tube is slightly tapered as at 12 and constitutes the stem upon which fits and is detachably seated the cone 14, also preferably made of brass, and ele vated slightly above the aperture 6 in the convex bottom of the fire-pot. Said cone is somewhat larger in diameter than the opening in the bottom as seen best in Fig. 2. Located near the lower end of the generator tube is the oil inlet 15 connecting with the supply tank (not shown) from whence the oil is supplied under air pressure or gravity as may be preferred. From this inlet the oil passes into the generator tube and thence to thp) orifice 16 at the extreme upper end of said tu e.

17 constitutes the needle valve or closure means for the orifice and serves to regulate the supply of fuel. The stem of this valve is operated either by a hand wheel 18 connected to the stem under the base of the stove as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 4 or by means of a lever from the front of the stove as shown at 19 (Fig. 2). The lower end of the tube, where the stem makes its exit, is provided with the packing nut 20 to guard against leakage at this point.

The drip cup 21 is mounted to slide on the generator tube and may be held in any desired position by a set screw 21 A deflector 22 is supported within the sheet iron body 9, a little above the upper edge of the fire-pot from four to six inches above the orifice of the generator tube. This deflector takes up nearly the entire space of the stove body, leaving but about one-half to one inch space between the outer edge of the deflector and the inner wall of the sheet iron body, the size of the space depending somewhat on the size of the stove and the amount of draft required.

The manner in which my invention operates and its advantages are best explained as follows: Close the orifice 16 by means of the valve stem 17, establish connection with the supply tank, permitting the generator tube to fill with oil. Fill the drip cup 21 with alcohol, gasolene, coal oil or crude oil (the first named being preferable because it roduces more heat and no soot) and light it after the drip cup has been adjusted on the tube where the heat can be most effectively applied. The fluid placed in the drip-cup being intended to supply the initial heat, will heat the oil in the generator tube to a very high degree. Before the fluid in the drip cup is entirely consumed, and while the flame is still playing around the cone 1 1, slightly turn the valve stem to open the orifice 16 allowing some of the heated oil to escape. sure will issue from the orifice in a tiny spray and striking the deflector with great force will break up into minute particles and ignite at once, burning on the under surface of the deflector. In a very short time the deflector becomes heated to such a degree that the spray of heated oil striking it is immediately converted into gas and as it spreads over the surface of the deflector, mixes with the oxygen fed to it by the inrush of air through the openings in the door at the base of the stove, thence passing upward over the heated bottom 6, thence through the opening in same where it is somewhat deflected by the overhanging cone onfilthe generator tube and finally brought in contact with the fuel gas The oil now liberated under pres-- at or near the deflector, when a union of the carbon and oxygen is eflected.

If by any means the initial heat applied has been insufficient, heated oil will issue from the orifice 16, strike the deflector and fall back onto and over the sides of the cone 14 into the pan. formed by the convex shaped bottom of the firepot. On coming in contact with the flame it will at once take fire, soon raising the temperature in the fire-pot to such a degree that oil will issue from the orifice in a spray to be converted into gas on striking the deflector. There is absolutely no flame at the point where the oil issues from the orifice, and none until the oil s ray strikes the deflector, as the mixing 0 the oxygen with the carbon does not take place until both reach this point. The flame now spreads over the surface of the deflector, past its edge and up along the sides of the sheet iron body in a brilliant, clear and transparent blaze, practically without smoke or soot. The heat thus generated is suflicient to continually keep the oil in the tube at a proper temperature for effective work. The convex fire-pot bottom also becomes thoroughly heated, which in turn heats the air that rushes into the base of the stove through the openings in the door to such a degree that absolutely none but highly heated air is introduced into the fire zone, thus effecting the union of the carbon with the oxygen under the most favorable conditions.

In as much as this burner is designed with a special view to burn heavy crude oils such as those of South Texas and California, the sediment or incombustible solids contained in such oils are deposited against the under side of the deflector from whence they are removed during the process of burning, and without interfering with the efficiency of the stove in any way, it being necessary only to open the door and with a wire slightly tap the accumulation, when it will drop to the bottom of the fire-pot, from whence it may be removed once a day, access being had through the door. After removing the cone from the generator tube, the bottom is exposed and the accumulation may be brushed off with a small whisk broom or paint brush, no scraping being required as with all other crude oil burners.

The application of this device to a cook stove requires the construction of a separate oblong pan and deflector as illustrated by Figs. 7 and 8, the pan shown in Fig. 8 taking the place of the fire-pot 5 in a heating stove; but the same is made oblong to adapt it more readily to the shape of the fire-box of a cook stove, into which it is placed, the space between the walls of the fire-box and'pan being carefully filled with ashes or fire clay to prevent air from'entering at any other point except through the opening in the bottom of the pan. The deflector is. then placed in pothis description.

and with an out sition and the generator tube arranged in its relative position as in a heater, connection with the oil tank being made in any suitable manner.

When this device is to ordinary coal heater as an attachment, a pan or fire-pot embodying the essential details of the detached fire-pot shown in Fig. 5 must be placed within the fire-pot of such stove and all the other parts arranged as set forth in be applied to any Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. In a stove, a fire-pot provided with a bottom opening from which the bottom slopes outwardly on all sides, an inclosed base upon which the fire-pot is mounted and through which air is admitted underneath the fire pot and to said opening, a tubular generator supported in said base with its upper end projecting through and spaced from the walls of said opening, the said walls of the fire-pot extending above said generator, said generator being rovided with a supply inlet et orifice, and with a valve controlling said orifice, a cone surrounding the outlet orifice of the generator and of an extent and position to entirely cover and spaced from the bottom opening in the firepot, and a fiat deflector plate secured in the stove above the upper end of the generator, there being provided spaces between the margin of said plate and side wall of the stove, and the space between the outlet orifice of the generator and the deflector plate bein entirely free and uninterrupted, as and for t e purpose set forth.

2. In a stove, a fire-pot provided with a central bottom opening from which the bot tom slopes outwardly and continuously and evenly on all sides, an inclosed base upon which the fire-pot is mounted and through which air is admitted underneath the fire pot and to such opening, a tubular generator supported in said base with its upper end project ng and spaced from the walls of said opening, the side walls of the fire pot extending abov'e the generator, said generatorbeing provided with a supply inlet and with an outlet orifice, and with a valve controlling said orifice, a cone supported on the upper end of l said generator, said cone being spaced from the bottom opening of the fire pot of a diameter to extend entirely over and around said opening and beyond themargins thereof on all sides, the surface of the cone being smooth, a short upstanding collar being formed around the opening of the fire-pot bottom and from which said cone is spaced and is entirely in a higher plane, permitting an interrupted upward draft of heated air beyond and surrounding the upper end of the generator, and a flat deflector plate secured in the stove above the upper end of the generator with an open space between, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a stove, a fire-pot provided With a central bottom opening from which the bot tom slopes outwardly and continuously and evenly on all sides, an inclosed base upon which the fire-pot is mounted and through which air is admitted underneath the fire-pot and to said opening, a tubular generator supported in the bottom of said. base and proj ecting upwardly therefrom into and through the central opening of the fire-pot bottom and slightly above said opening, said generator tube being provided above said opening with an orifice and below the bottom of the base of the stove with an inlet for the oil and with a controllingvalve for-the orifice, a cap supported upon the upper end of said tube,

the side walls of said fireot extending above the upper end of said tu e and its cap, the cap being spaced from and above the said central opening of the fire-pot bottom and permitting a substantially uninterrupted upward draft of heated air through the base of the stove and upwardly in the iirepot, and a flat deflector plate secured within the stove above the fire-pot with a clear uninterrupted space between the outlet orifice of the generator tube and the said deflector plate, the said deflector plate being provided with a marginal space between it and the walls of the stove,

as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses. JOHN C. ZIEGLER.

l/Vitnesses EMMA ZIEGLER, GRETCHEN ZIEGLER. 

